联合国安理会讨论乌克兰生物武器问题：美俄相互指责，中方表态
当地时间3月11日，联合国安理会应俄罗斯要求召开紧急会议，讨论美国在乌克兰进行军事生物研究相关问题。
中国常驻联合国代表张军指出，中方高度重视生物安全问题，一贯主张全面禁止和彻底销毁包括生物武器和化学武器在内的一切大规模杀伤性武器，坚决反对任何国家在任何情况下研发、拥有或使用生物武器和化学武器，敦促尚未销毁库存化武的国家尽快完成销毁。《禁止生物武器公约》的宗旨和目标必须得到严格遵守。
China firmly opposes the development, possession and use of biological and chemical weapons by any country under any circumstances, Zhang Jun, China's permanent representative to the United Nations, said at a meeting on biological security in Ukraine at the UN Security Council on Friday.
Zhang reiterated China's support for the "complete prohibition and thorough destruction" of all weapons of mass destruction, including biological and chemical weapons. He urged countries that "have not yet destroyed their stockpiles of chemical weapons to do so as soon as possible."
张军强调，生物武器是大规模杀伤性武器，任何生物军事活动的信息线索都应引起国际社会的高度关切。中方关切地注意到俄方公布的相关文件。遵守《禁止生物武器公约》是所有缔约国的义务，俄方提出的关切应得到妥善解决。中方敦促相关方切实履行公约义务，作出全面澄清，并接受多边核查。世界卫生组织已经建议乌克兰政府销毁实验室的病原体，以防止疾病传播。中方期待了解更多具体信息。当前形势下，为了民众健康，确保相关实验室的安全十分重要。
张军表示，国际社会对美方生物军事活动早有严重关切。美国在全球有336个实验室，这是美方向《禁止生物武器公约》缔约国大会提交的数据。美方一直主张公开透明。如果美方认为有关信息是假的，完全可以公布有关证据，作出澄清，以便国际社会作出评判。
"China has noted with concern relevant information released by Russia," Zhang said. "The concerns raised by Russia should be properly addressed."
China urges relevant parties to "provide a comprehensive clarification and accept multilateral verification," he said.
"We look forward to receiving more specific information on this," he added.
Zhang also called for intensified diplomatic efforts to "bring the Ukrainian issue back to the track of political settlement" and prevent a "large-scale humanitarian crisis."
美俄激烈交锋
当地时间9日，俄罗斯外交部发言人扎哈罗娃谈及美国在乌克兰境内的生物计划时称，俄方计划派由专家、各机构代表组成的代表团就此展开调查。
"We remember for how many years and with what bloody results the U.S. searched for various types of chemical, biological, bacteriological weapons and so on all over the world, actually occupying lands and killing people," the ministry's spokesperson Maria Zakharova said at a briefing on March 9.
Zakharova said that Kyiv had recently started erasing traces of biological programs. "We received documentation from Ukrainian employees at the biological laboratories on the urgent destruction of especially dangerous pathogens, plague, anthrax, cholera and other deadly diseases on February 24."
On March 6, Russian Defense Ministry spokesperson Igor Konashenkov said evidence of a U.S.-financed military biological program developed in Ukraine had been revealed during Russia's operation in Ukraine.
Vasily Nebenzia, Russia's permanent representative to the United Nations, holds up copies of photos during a briefing session on biological security in Ukraine at the UN Security Council in New York, U.S., March 11, 2022. /CFP
在11日的安理会紧急会议上，俄罗斯常驻联合国代表涅边贾表示，俄罗斯在特别军事行动中发现了令人震惊的紧急事件，那就是乌克兰方面正在清除军事使用生物武器的痕迹，而乌克兰领土上存在着生物实验室网络，相关研究由美国资助。生物威胁是没有国界的，俄方认为有责任让安理会了解到美国在乌克兰进行的军事生物活动，俄方希望美方能够做出回答。
涅边贾表示，俄罗斯在特别军事行动中发现了令人震惊的事实，这事关至少30个乌克兰研究疾病的实验室，实验室在美军的资助和负责下研究包括炭疽、霍乱和瘟疫等疾病。
The Security Council convened the session at Russia's request to discuss alleged military biological research by the U.S. in Ukraine. Russia said there is a network of biological laboratories in Ukraine working on behalf of the U.S. Department of Defense that forms part of America's biological weapons program.
Vassily Nebenzia, Russia's permanent representative to the UN, said a network of about 30 biological laboratories in Ukraine was involved in amplifying pathogenic features of deadly diseases.
"The work has been funded and directly supervised by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency at the [U.S.] Department of Defense, including on behalf of the National Center for Medical Intelligence at the Department of Defense," Nebenzia said.
"Some documents came into possession of the Russian Defense Ministry," he told the Security Council.
U.S. Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield (L) talks with Sergiy Kyslytsya, Ukraine's permanent representative to the UN, before a briefing session on biological security in Ukraine at the UN Security Council in New York, U.S., March 11, 2022. /CFP
美国常驻联合国代表格林菲尔德否认了俄方的说法，并表示俄罗斯要求召开会议的唯一目的就是散布不实信息。美方再次指出，乌克兰没有生化武器项目，也没有获得美国支持的类似实验室。事实上，乌克兰有自己的健康实验室设施，涉及疾病诊断和治疗，与生物武器没有关系。
然而此前，美国国务院负责政治事务的副国务卿维多利亚·纽兰在当地时间8日承认乌克兰有“生物研究设施”，且美方正同乌方合作,防止那些“研究材料”落入俄罗斯军队手中。
Washington has dismissed the accusation as "laughable," suggesting that Russia may be laying the groundwork to use a chemical or biological weapon. But U.S. Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Victoria Nuland on Tuesday acknowledged that "Ukraine has biological research facilities."
The U.S. envoy to the UN, Linda Thomas-Greenfield, said Washington was "deeply concerned" that Russia called the session as a "false flag effort" to lay the groundwork for its own use of biological or chemical weapons in Ukraine. But she did not provide evidence of an imminent Russian threat.
联合国裁军事务高级代表中满泉在会上表示，联合国“不知道乌克兰有任何生物武器计划”。
根据2005年的一项协议，五角大楼帮助数个在乌克兰的公共卫生实验室，提高危险病原体和用于研究的技术的安全性。
Izumi Nakamitsu, the UN High Representative for Disarmament Affairs, said the United Nations is "not aware" of any biological weapons program in Ukraine, which joined an international ban on such arms, as have Russia and the United States along with 180 other countries.
Under a 2005 agreement, the Pentagon has assisted several Ukrainian public health laboratories with improving the security of dangerous pathogens and technology used to research.